I roto i te hanganga o ngā taura whatu, he tohu aromatawai nui te mahi whakaitiiti. Ka tātarihia e tēnei tuhinga ngā tauwāhi me ngā tikanga whakahaere o ngā pūwāhi whakaitiiti teitei i roto i ngā taura whatu i runga i ngā āhuatanga raina noa.
1. Ngā Wāhi Noa o ngā Pūwāhi Whakaiti-Tiketike
I muri i te otinga o te honohono taura whatu, ka whakamatautauria te wāhanga whakahoki katoa mā te whakamahi i te OTDR (Optical Time Domain Reflectometer). Mā tēnei whakamātautau ka manatokohia mēnā ka tutuki te mahi whatu o te wāhanga taura kua oti i ngā whakaritenga hanga me ngā paerewa whakaae. Ko te aromatawai ko ngā āhuatanga e whai ake nei:
- Mehemea kei raro iho te whakaiti katoa o te wāhanga tukurua katoa i te whakatakotoranga hoahoa (arā, mehemea kei roto i te rohe e hiahiatia ana te tauwehenga whakaiti toharite);
- Mehemea e tutuki ana i te ngaronga honohono ā-rua-ara te toharite o ngā hononga i ngā paerewa whakaae me ngā whakaritenga hoahoa;
- Mehemea he rite te pikinga o te pihi whakamuri o te wāhanga tukurua, ā, he maeneene hoki. Haunga ngā takahanga iti i puta mai i ngā ngaronga hononga noa, kaua he takahanga whakaiti nui i te pihi.
Ina whakamahia he OTDR hei whakamātautau i te wāhanga tukurua whatu me te kimi i ngā pūwāhi whakaiti, he mea nui kia tika te whakatakoto i ngā tawhā whakamātautau, pēnei i te awhe, te roanga ngaru, te whānui o te pāorooro, te taupū whakaata, me te wā toharite:
- Awhe whakamātautauKōwhiria kia rite ki te roa o te wāhanga o te pūrua kia tata ki te rua hautoru o te mata whakaatu te kapi;
- Roanga ngaru: Ka whakatauhia e te pūnaha, ko te tikanga he 1310 nm me te 1550 nm mō ngā taura pūrua tawhiti;
- Taupū whakaataWhakatakotoria kia rite ki ngā whakaritenga a te kaihanga muka;
- Whānui o te pāorooroHe tawhā nui. Ki te iti rawa, kāore e ranea te whānuitanga hihiri, ka puta he tohu haruru i te mutunga o te tohu; ki te nui rawa, ka piki ake te whānuitanga whakamātautau engari ka heke te tika. Me whiriwhiri he whānui pāoro e tika ana i runga i te roa o te taura mā te whakamātautau whakamātautau;
- Te wā tohariteKua whakarerekētia kia maeneene te piko, ā, kāore he haruru e kitea ana i te hiku.
Hei kimi tika i ngā hapa, ka taea te whakamahi i te pūmanawa tātari OTDR hei tātari i ngā pihi whakamātautau. E rua ngā wāhanga o ngā hapa: ngā hapa ira honohono me ngā hapa tinana taura.
2. Te Whakahaere i ngā Pūwāhi Whakaiti-Tiketike
Tuatahi, whakatauhia mēnā kei te wāhi honohono te pūwāhi whakaiti-teitei. I ngā pūwāhi honohono, ka whakaatuhia e ngā muka katoa ngā hikoinga whakaiti o ngā rahi rerekē. Mā te tātari i ngā tohu muka maha i te wā kotahi, ka taea e koe te kite i ngā hikoinga i te tūranga kotahi puta noa i ngā pihi katoa. Inehia, ka tatauhia te ngaronga honohono rua-ara i tēnei wāhi, tuhia ngā uara e neke atu ana i te paerewa, ā, whakaritea kia whakatuwheratia anō te kati honohono hei whakatika.
Mena kāore te pūwāhi whakaiti i te wāhi honohono, mā te tātaritanga i ngā pihi maha i te wā kotahi e whakaatu he hiko whakaiti kei ētahi muka, ko ētahi kāore. He tohu tēnei kei roto i te taura tonu, kaua i te hononga.
Te Tauwāhi Hapa
- Ngā hapa tata-pitoKa taea te kimi mai i te teihana taunga mā te whakamahi i te OTDR hei ine i te tawhiti mai i te pūwāhi honohono tata rawa atu;
- Ngā hapa pito tawhitiHe uaua ake te kimi i te wāhi nā te iti o te tika i ngā tawhiti roa. I ēnei wā, ka taea te whakamātautau mai i tētahi hononga tata. Whakakotahitia ngā inenga OTDR me ngā tuhinga hanga me ngā inenga parae hei whakatau tata i te wāhi hapa, i roto i te whānuitanga o te tekau mita, ka whakaiti i te whānuitanga me te utu o te keri.
Ngā Tikanga Whakahaere
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Ngā hapa honohonoWhakatuwheratia te katinga hononga ka whakapūmau anō i ngā muka i a koe e aroturukitia ana ki te OTDR kia tae rā anō ki te taumata e tika ana mō te ngaronga hononga.
Mena kāore e tutuki i te honohono anō ngā whakaritenga, tirohia mēnā:- Te āhua rerekē o te ngongo muka e meinga ai te pēhanga;
- Te nui rawa o te pūtoro piko i te wā e takai ana te muka;
- Te ahotea muka.
Mena ka mau tonu ngā raruraru, tirohia ngā wāhanga taura i mua atu, ā, i muri hoki i te hononga. Me tapahi pea ngā pito taura kua pakaru, ā, me hono anō ngā muka katoa.
- Ngā mahi āraiI mua i te honohono, tirohia marietia ngā roa taura kua tohua. Mena he whakapae, tapahia te roa taura kia kore ai e kitea he hapa huna.
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Ngā hapa o te tinana taura: He maha ngā wā ka puta mai i:
- Ngā piko koi, ngā piko rānei;
- Ngā kino ā-pūkaha (hei tauira, te pēhanga mai i ngā kōhatu e puta ai te āhua rerekē);
- Ngā kaha o waho e hua ake ai te rerekētanga o te ngongo muka me te muka.
Ko te maimoatanga he tapahi i te wāhanga pakaru me te honohono anō. I te nuinga o te wā, ka whakakorea te raruraru ngoikore.
Mō ngā pakaru nui, tāutahia he katinga honohono, tangohia te uhi o waho, ka whakatika, ka whakakapi rānei i ngā ngongo kua pakaru. Ki te tika, honohono anō i ngā muka ki ngā ngongo kua pāngia.
Ngā Whakaritenga Whakamātautau
Me mahi tahi ngā kaimahi whakamātautau me ngā kaimahi honohono mara ki te whakahaere i ngā whakamātautau i ngā wāhanga maha:
- Kia oti te honohono;
- I muri i te whakaritenga muka me te takai;
- I muri i te hiri me te whakau i te katinga hononga.
Me wehe atu ngā kaimahi o te mara i muri i te whakaū kua ea te take ngoikore.
Wā tuku: 30 Paenga-whāwhā 2026