Mō ngā taputapu taha-kaiwhakamahi i roto i te urunga muka whānui, he maha ngā wā ka kitea e tātou ngā kupu Pākehā pēnei i te ONU, ONT, SFU, me te HGU. He aha te tikanga o ēnei kupu? He aha te rerekētanga?
1. Ngā ONU me ngā ONT
Ko ngā momo tono matua o te urunga muka whatu whānui ko: FTTH, FTTO, me te FTTB, ā, he rerekē ngā momo taputapu taha-kaiwhakamahi i raro i ngā momo tono rerekē. Ko ngā taputapu taha-kaiwhakamahi o te FTTH me te FTTO ka whakamahia e te kaiwhakamahi kotahi, e kiia nei koONT(Te whatunga whatu, te whatunga whatu), ā, ko ngā taputapu taha-kaiwhakamahi o te FTTB ka tohaina e ngā kaiwhakamahi maha, e kiia neiONU(Wāhanga Whatunga Whatu, wāhanga whatunga whatu).
Ko te kaiwhakamahi e whakahuatia ana i konei e pā ana ki te kaiwhakamahi e utua motuhaketia ana e te kaiwhakahaere, ehara i te maha o ngā taunga e whakamahia ana. Hei tauira, ko te ONT o te FTTH e tohaina ana e ngā taunga maha i te kāinga, engari kotahi anake te kaiwhakamahi ka taea te tatau.
2. Ngā momo ONT
Ko te ONT te mea e kīia whānuitia ana e tātou he pouwhanga whatu, e wehea ana ki te SFU (Wāhanga Whānau Kotahi, wāhanga kaiwhakamahi whānau kotahi), te HGU (Wāhanga Kūaha Kāinga, wāhanga kūaha kāinga) me te SBU (Wāhanga Pakihi Kotahi, wāhanga kaiwhakamahi pakihi kotahi).
2.1. Te Whare Wānanga o te Manatū Hauora
Ko te SFU te tikanga he 1 ki te 4 ngā atanga Ethernet, 1 ki te 2 ngā atanga waea pumau, ā, ko ētahi tauira he atanga pouaka whakaata taura anō hoki. Kāore he mahi tomokanga kāinga a te SFU, ā, ko te tauranga anake e hono ana ki te tauranga Ethernet ka taea te waea atu ki te uru atu ki te Ipurangi, ā, he ngoikore te mahi whakahaere mamao. Ko te pouwhanga whatu e whakamahia ana i te wāhanga tōmua o te FTTH nō te SFU, he onge te whakamahi i ēnei rā.
2.2. Ngā HGU
Ko ngā pouwhanga whatu i whakatuwheratia i ngā tau tata nei he mea hanga katoaHGUKi te whakaritea ki te SFU, ko ngā painga o te HGU e whai ake nei:
(1) He taputapu kuaha te HGU, he mea watea mō te whatunga kāinga; ko te SFU ia he taputapu tuku mārama, kāore he āheinga kuaha, ā, me mahi tahi ngā taputapu kuaha pēnei i ngā pouara kāinga i roto i te whatunga kāinga.
(2) Ka tautoko te HGU i te aratau ara, ā, he mahi NAT anō hoki, he taputapu papa-3; ko te momo SFU ia ka tautoko noa i te aratau piriti papa-2, he rite ki te pana papa-2.
(3) Ka taea e HGU te whakatinana i tana ake tono waea whānui, ā, ka taea e ngā rorohiko me ngā pūwhakatere waea pūkoro te uru tika ki te Ipurangi me te kore e waea atu; ko te SFU me waea atu mā te rorohiko, mā te waea pūkoro rānei a te kaiwhakamahi, mā te pouara kāinga rānei.
(4) He māmā ake te HGU mō te whakahaere mahi me te tiaki nui.
I te nuinga o te wā ka tae mai te HGU meIpurangi Ahokore ā, he tauranga USB anō hoki.
2.3. Ngā SBU
Ko te SBU te mea e whakamahia nuitia ana mō te urunga a ngā kaiwhakamahi FTTO, ā, he atanga Ethernet tōna i te nuinga o te wā, ā, ko ētahi tauira he atanga E1, he atanga waea whenua, he mahi wifi rānei. Ki te whakatauritea ki te SFU me te HGU, he pai ake te mahi tiaki hiko a te SBU, ā, he pumau ake, ā, he mea whakamahi noa hoki i ngā huihuinga o waho pērā i te tirotiro ataata.
3. ONUTmomo
Kua wehea te ONU kiMDU(Wāhi Noho Maha, wāhi noho maha) me te MTU (Wāhi Kairēti Maha, wāhi noho maha).
Ko te MDU te mea e whakamahia nuitia ana mō te urunga atu ki ngā kaiwhakamahi kāinga maha i raro i te momo tono FTTB, ā, i te nuinga o te wā he 4 ngā atanga taha-kaiwhakamahi, ko te nuinga he 8, 16, 24 FE, FE+POTS rānei (waea pūmau).
Ko te MTU te mea nui hei urunga atu ki ngā kaiwhakamahi hinonga maha, ki ngā pūrua maha rānei i roto i te hinonga kotahi i roto i te horopaki FTTB. Haunga te atanga Ethernet me te atanga waea pumau, tera pea he atanga E1 anō hoki; he rerekē te āhua me te mahi a te MTU i ērā o te MDU. Ko te rerekētanga, engari he pai ake te mahi tiaki hiko, ā, he teitei ake te pumau. Nā te rongonuitanga o te FTTO, kei te iti haere ngā horopaki tono o te MTU.
4. Whakarāpopototanga
Ko te urunga muka whatu whānui e whakamahi ana i te hangarau PON. Mēnā kāore e taea te wehewehe i te momo taputapu taha-kaiwhakamahi, ka taea te kī ko ngā taputapu taha-kaiwhakamahi o te pūnaha PON he ONU.
ONU, ONT, SFU, HGU…ēnei ngā taputapu e whakaahua katoa ana i ngā taputapu taha-kaiwhakamahi mō te urunga whānui mai i ngā koki rerekē, ā, e whakaaturia ana te whanaungatanga i waenganui i a rātou i te pikitia i raro nei.
Wā tuku: Paenga-whāwhā-21-2023