I te ao o te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero muka whatu, he rite te whiriwhiri i te roangaru mārama ki te whakatikatika auau reo irirangi me te whiriwhiri hongere. Mā te whiriwhiri i te "hongere" tika anake ka taea te tuku mārama me te pumau o te tohu. He aha i 500 mita noa iho te tawhiti tuku o ētahi waeine whatu, ko ētahi ka taea te hora atu i ngā rau kiromita? Kei roto i te 'tae' o taua hihi mārama te mea ngaro – he tika ake, ko te roangaru o te mārama.
I roto i ngā whatunga whakawhitiwhiti kōrero whatu hou, he rerekē rawa ngā mahi a ngā kōwae whatu o ngā roangaru rerekē. Ko ngā roangaru matua e toru o te 850nm, 1310nm, me te 1550nm te anga matua o te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero whatu, me te wehewehenga mārama o te mahi e pā ana ki te tawhiti tuku, ngā āhuatanga ngaronga, me ngā horopaki tono.
1. He aha tātou i hiahia ai ki ngā roangaru maha?
Ko te pūtake o te kanorau o ngā roangaru i roto i ngā kōwae whatu kei roto i ngā wero nui e rua o te tuku muka whatu: te ngaronga me te marara. Ina tukuna ngā tohu whatu i roto i ngā muka whatu, ka puta te whakaiti i te kaha (ngaronga) nā te mimiti, te marara, me te turuturu o te reo. I taua wā anō, ko te tere horapa kore taurite o ngā wāhanga roangaru rerekē ka puta te whānui o te pā o te tohu (marara). Nā tēnei kua ara ake ngā otinga maha-roangaru:
•Whārangi 850nm:Ko te nuinga o te wā ka mahi i roto i ngā muka whatu maha-aratau, ko te tawhiti tuku i te nuinga o te wā kei waenga i ngā rau mita (pēnei i te ~550 mita), ā, koinei te kaha matua mō te tuku tawhiti poto (pēnei i roto i ngā pokapū raraunga).
•Whārangi 1310nm:he iti ngā āhuatanga marara i roto i ngā muka aratau-kotahi paerewa, me te tawhiti tuku tae atu ki ngā tekau kiromita (pēnei i te ~60 kiromita), ka waiho hei poutokomanawa mō te tuku tawhiti waenga.
•Whārangi 1550nm:Me te tere whakaitiiti iti rawa (tata ki te 0.19dB/km), ka taea e te tawhiti tuku ariā te neke atu i te 150 kiromita, ka waiho hei kingi mo te tuku tawhiti roa, tae atu ki te tawhiti tino roa.
Nā te pikinga ake o te hangarau whakarea wehenga roangaru (WDM) kua tino whakanuia te kaha o ngā muka whatu. Hei tauira, ka tutuki i ngā kōwae whatu muka kotahi-ara rua (BIDI) te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero rua-ara i runga i te muka kotahi mā te whakamahi i ngā roangaru rerekē (pēnei i te huinga 1310nm/1550nm) i ngā pito tuku me te pito whiwhi, ka penapena nui i ngā rauemi muka. Ka taea e te hangarau whakarea wehenga roangaru matotoru (DWDM) matatau ake te whakatutuki i te mokowā roangaru tino whaiti (pēnei i te 100GHz) i roto i ngā roopu motuhake (pēnei i te roopu-O 1260-1360nm), ā, ka taea e te muka kotahi te tautoko i ngā tekau, tae atu ki ngā rau o ngā hongere roangaru, ka whakanui ake i te kaha tuku katoa ki te taumata Tbps me te tuku katoa i te kaha o ngā muka whatu.
2. Me pēhea te whiriwhiri pūtaiao i te roanga ngaru o ngā kōwae whatu?
Ko te whiriwhiri i te roanga ngaru me whai whakaaro whānui ki ngā āhuatanga matua e whai ake nei:
Tawhiti tuku:
Tawhiti poto (≤ 2km): pai ake 850nm (muka maha-aratau).
Tawhiti waenga (10-40km): e tika ana mō te 1310nm (muka aratau-kotahi).
Tawhiti roa (≥ 60km): Me whiriwhiri te 1550nm (muka aratau-kotahi), me whakamahi rānei i te taha o te whakakaha whatu.
Te whakaritenga mō te kaha:
Pakihi tuku iho: He rawaka ngā waeine roangaru pumau.
Te kaha nui, te tuku kiato-teitei: E hiahiatia ana te hangarau DWDM/CWDM. Hei tauira, ka taea e te pūnaha DWDM 100G e mahi ana i roto i te roopu-O te tautoko i ngā hongere roangaru kiato-teitei maha.
Ngā whakaaro mō te utu:
Kōwae roangaru pumau: He iti te utu tīmatanga, engari me penapena he maha ngā tauira roangaru o ngā wāhanga e manawapa ana.
Kōwae roangaru ka taea te whakarerekē: He nui te haumitanga tuatahi, engari mā te whakarerekē pūmanawa, ka taea te hipoki i ngā roangaru maha, te whakahaere i ngā wāhanga e manawapa ana, ā, i te wā roa, ka whakaiti i te uaua me ngā utu o te whakahaere me te tiaki.
Te horopaki tono:
Hononga Pokapū Raraunga (DCI): Ko ngā otinga DWDM kiato teitei, iti-mana te mea matua.
5G fronthaul: He nui ngā whakaritenga mō te utu, te whakaroa, me te pono, he mea whiriwhiri noa ngā kōwae BIDI (muka kotahi-ara-rua) i hangaia mō te taumata ahumahi.
Whatunga pāka umanga: I runga i te tawhiti me ngā whakaritenga whānui, ka taea te whiriwhiri i ngā kōwae CWDM iti-mana, waenga ki te tawhiti poto, ngā kōwae roangaru pumau rānei.
3. Whakatau: Te Whanaketanga Hangarau me ngā Whakaaroaro ā-Mārama
Kei te tere tonu te whanaketanga o te hangarau waeine whatu. Ko ngā taputapu hou pēnei i ngā pana whiriwhiri roangaru (WSS) me te karaihe wai i runga i te silicon (LCoS) kei te akiaki i te whanaketanga o ngā hanganga whatunga whatu ngāwari ake. Ko ngā auahatanga e aro ana ki ngā roopu motuhake, pēnei i te roopu-O, kei te arotau tonu i te mahi, pēnei i te whakaiti nui i te whakamahinga mana o te waeine me te pupuri tonu i te tawhē ōwehenga tohu-ki-haruru whatu (OSNR).
I roto i te hanganga whatunga ā muri ake nei, me tatau tika ngā kaihangarau i te tawhiti tuku i te wā e whiriwhiri ana i ngā roangaru, engari me arotake whānui hoki i te whakamahinga hiko, te urutau pāmahana, te kiato whakatinanatanga, me ngā utu whakahaere me te tiaki i te huringa ora katoa. Ko ngā kōwae whatu pono teitei ka taea te mahi pumau mō ngā tekau kiromita i roto i ngā taiao tino kino (pēnei i te -40 ℃ makariri nui) kei te noho hei tautoko matua mō ngā taiao whakatinanatanga uaua (pēnei i ngā teihana turanga mamao).
Wā tuku: Hepetema-18-2025