Kua amuamu koe ki a koe anō, "He whatunga kino rawa tēnei," ina puhoi tō hononga ipurangi? I tēnei rā, ka kōrero tātou mō te Whatunga Whatu Āhuakore (PON). Ehara i te whatunga "kino" e whakaarohia ana e koe, engari ko te whānau toa o te ao whatunga: PON.
1. PON, te "Tūpuna" o te Ao Whatunga
PONe pā ana ki tētahi whatunga muka whatu e whakamahi ana i tētahi āhuarangi tohu-ki-maha-ira me ngā wehewehenga whatu hei tuku raraunga mai i tētahi pūwāhi tuku kotahi ki ngā pūwāhi mutunga kaiwhakamahi maha. Kei roto ko tētahi pito raina whatu (OLT), he wae whatunga whatu (ONU), me tētahi whatunga tohatoha whatu (ODN). Ka whakamahia e te PON tētahi whatunga urunga whatu korekore, ā, he pūnaha urunga whatu P2MP (Tohu ki te Maha-ira). He painga āna pēnei i te tiaki i ngā rauemi muka, te kore e hiahiatia he hiko mō te ODN, te whakahaere i te urunga a te kaiwhakamahi, me te tautoko i te urunga maha-ratonga. He hangarau urunga muka whatu whānui e whakatairangahia ana e ngā kaiwhakahaere i tēnei wā.
He rite te PON ki te "Ant-Man" o te ao whatunga: he iti engari he tino kaha. Ka whakamahia e ia te muka whatu hei reo tuku, ā, ka tohatoha i ngā tohu whatu mai i te tari matua ki ngā pito mutunga maha o ngā kaiwhakamahi mā roto i ngā taputapu kore mahi, ka taea ai ngā ratonga urunga whānui tere, whai hua, me te iti te utu.
Whakaarohia mēnā he toa nui tō te ao whatunga, ko PON te Superman māmā noa iho. Kāore e hiahiatia he hiko, ā, ka taea e ia te "rere" i te ao ipurangi, ka kawe mai i te wheako Ipurangi tere-mārama ki ngā mano tini o ngā whare.
2. Ngā Painga Matua o te PON
Ko tētahi o ngā "mana nui" o te PON ko tana tuku tere-mārama. Ki te whakatauritea ki ngā whatunga waea parahi tuku iho, ka whakamahia e te PON te muka whatu, ā, ka hua ake he tere tuku tere rawa atu.
Whakaarohia te tango i tētahi kiriata i te kāinga, ā, ka puta tonu mai i runga i tō pūrere pērā i te makutu. Hei tāpiri, he ātete te muka whatu ki ngā whiunga uira me ngā pokanoa hikohiko, ā, kāore he rite o tōna pumau.
3. GPON & EPON
Ko ngā mema rongonui e rua o te whānau hangarau PON ko GPON me EPON.
GPON: Te Mana o te Whānau PON
GPON, e tū ana mō te Gigabit-Capable Passive Optical Network, koinei te pūngao o te whānau PON. Me ngā tere hononga-iho tae atu ki te 2.5 Gbps me ngā tere hononga-ake o te 1.25 Gbps, e whakarato ana i ngā ratonga raraunga, reo, me te ataata tere-teitei, kaha-teitei ki ngā kāinga me ngā pakihi. Whakaarohia te tango i tētahi kiriata i te kāinga. Mā te GPON koe e wheako ai i ngā tango-ake tonu. Heoi anō, ko ngā āhuatanga kore-taurite o te GPON he pai ake te urutau ki te mākete ratonga raraunga whānui.
EPON: Te Whetu Tere o te Whānau PON
EPON, he whakarāpopototanga mō te Ethernet Passive Optical Network, koia te whetu tere o te whānau PON. Me te tere ōrite 1.25 Gbps i te taha whakarunga me te taha whakararo, he tino tautoko i ngā kaiwhakamahi me ngā hiahia tuku raraunga nui. Nā te ōritetanga o te EPON he kōwhiringa pai mō ngā pakihi me ngā kaihanga ihirangi me ngā hiahia tuku raraunga nui.
He hangarau PON te GPON me te EPON, he rerekē te nuinga i roto i ngā whakatakotoranga hangarau, ngā tere tuku, ngā hanganga anga, me ngā tikanga whakakōpaki. He painga motuhake tō te GPON me te EPON, ā, ko te kōwhiringa e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā whakaritenga tono motuhake, te tahua utu, me te whakamahere whatunga.
I te whanaketanga o te hangarau, kei te whakawhāiti haere ngā rerekētanga i waenganui i ngā mea e rua. Ko ngā hangarau hou, pērā i te XG-PON (10-Gigabit-Capable Passive Optical Network) meXGS-PON(Whatunga Whatu Āhua Āhua Āhua-kore 10-Gigabit), e tuku ana i ngā tere teitei ake me te mahi pai ake.
Ngā Whakamahinga o te Hangarau PON
He whānuitia ngā whakamahinga o te hangarau PON:
Urunga whānui kāinga: E whakarato ana i ngā ratonga ipurangi tere-teitei ki ngā kaiwhakamahi kāinga, e tautoko ana i te roma ataata whakamārama-teitei, te petipeti ipurangi, me te maha atu.
Whatunga hinonga: Te whakarato hononga whatunga pumau ki ngā pakihi, e tautoko ana i te tuku raraunga tauine nui me ngā ratonga rorohiko kapua.
He "kaimahi atamai" a PON. Nā te mea he kore mahi, ka tino whakaitihia ngā utu tiaki. Kāore e hiahiatia ana e ngā kaiwhakahaere te tāuta me te tiaki i ngā taputapu hiko mō ia kaiwhakamahi, ka penapena moni nui. Hei tāpiri, he tino watea ngā whakapai ake i te whatunga PON. Kāore he keri e hiahiatia ana; mā te whakapai ake i ngā taputapu i te pūnga pokapū ka whakahoutia te whatunga katoa.
Ngā tāone atamai: I roto i te hanganga tāone atamai, ka taea e te hangarau PON te hono i ngā pūoko me ngā taputapu aroturuki, ka taea ai te kawe waka atamai, te rama atamai, me ētahi atu hangarau.
Wā tuku: 14 o Ākuhata 2025