He heru auau whatu me te tuku whatu?

E mōhio ana tātou, mai i te tekau tau atu i 1990, kua whakamahia te hangarau WDM WDM mō ngā hononga muka-whatu roa e rau, e mano rānei kiromita te roa. Mō te nuinga o ngā rohe o te motu, ko te hanganga muka te rawa tino utu nui, engari he iti te utu o ngā wāhanga whakawhiti raraunga.
Heoi, i te pikinga ake o ngā tere raraunga i roto i ngā whatunga pēnei i te 5G, kei te piki haere te hiranga o te hangarau WDM i roto i ngā hononga poto-haerenga, e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā rahinga nui ake, nō reira he tairongo ake ki te utu me te rahi o ngā huihuinga taputapu whakawhiti.

I tēnei wā, kei te whakawhirinaki tonu ēnei whatunga ki ngā mano tini o ngā muka whatu aratau-kotahi e tukuna ana i roto i ngā hongere o te wehewehenga ātea, me ngā tere raraunga iti rawa o te iti rawa o te rau Gbit/s (800G) mō ia hongere, me te iti o ngā tono ka taea i roto i te akomanga-T.

Heoi, i roto i ngā rā kei te heke mai, ka tae wawe te ariā o te whakarara ā-wāhi noa ki ngā rohe o tōna tauine, ā, me tāpiri atu ki te whakarara ā-whānui o ngā awa raraunga i roto i ia muka kia mau tonu ai te pikinga o ngā tere raraunga. Tērā pea ka huaki ake he wāhi tono hou mō te hangarau WDM, he mea nui te whakarara mōrahi e pā ana ki te maha o ngā hongere me te tere raraunga.

I roto i tēnei horopaki,te kaihanga heru auau whatu (FCG)He mahi nui tāna hei pūtake mārama kiato, pumau, maha-roa-ngaru e taea ai te whakarato i te maha o ngā kaikawe whatu kua tautuhia pai. Hei tāpiri, ko tētahi painga nui o ngā heru auau whatu ko te ōrite o te tawhiti o ngā rārangi heru i roto i te auau, ā, ka whakangawari i te hiahia mō ngā roopu tiaki i waenga i ngā hongere me te karo i te whakahaere auau e hiahiatia ana mō tētahi rārangi kotahi i roto i tētahi kaupapa tuku iho e whakamahi ana i tētahi huinga o ngā taiaho DFB.

He mea nui kia mōhiotia ko ēnei painga ehara i te mea mō ngā tuku WDM anake engari mō ō rātou kaiwhiwhi anō hoki, ka taea te whakakapi i ngā rarangi oscillator ā-rohe (LO) motuhake e tētahi kaihanga heru kotahi. Mā te whakamahinga o ngā kaihanga heru LO ka āwhina ake i te tukatuka tohu mamati mō ngā hongere WDM, ā, ka whakaitihia te uaua o te kaiwhiwhi me te whakanui ake i te manawanui haruru ā-wāhanga.

Hei tāpiritanga, mā te whakamahinga o ngā tohu heru LO me te raka-wāhanga mō te whiwhinga taurite whakarara ka taea te hanga anō i te āhua ngaru rohe-wā o te tohu WDM katoa, ā, ka whakakapia ai ngā ngoikoretanga i puta mai i ngā kore-raina whatu i roto i te muka tuku. Haunga ēnei painga ariā o te tuku tohu e hangai ana ki te heru, he mea nui anō hoki te rahi iti me te whakaputa papatipu utu-pai mō ngā tukuwhiti WDM ā muri ake nei.
Nō reira, i roto i ngā ariā whakaputa tohu heru, he mea tino pārekareka ngā taputapu tauine-maramara. Ina honoa ki ngā ara iahiko whakauru photonic tino tauine mō te whakarerekētanga tohu raraunga, te whakarea, te ara me te whiwhinga, ka taea e ēnei taputapu te pupuri i te kī ki ngā transceiver WDM kiato, tino whai hua ka taea te hanga i roto i ngā rahinga nui i te utu iti, me te kaha tuku tae atu ki te tekau o Tbit/s mō ia muka.

Kei te whakaahua e whai ake nei he hoahoa o tētahi tuku WDM e whakamahi ana i tētahi heru auau whatu FCG hei pūtake mārama maha-roa-ngaru. Ka wehea tuatahitia te tohu heru FCG i roto i tētahi demultiplexer (DEMUX) kātahi ka uru ki tētahi modulator hiko-whatu EOM. Mā roto i tēnā, ka tukuna te tohu ki te modulation amplitude QAM quadrature matatau mō te pai o te whai huatanga spectral (SE).

I te putanga o te tuku, ka honoa anō ngā hongere ki roto i tētahi multiplexer (MUX) ā, ka tukuna ngā tohu WDM mā te muka aratau kotahi. I te pito whiwhi, ka whakamahia e te kaiwhiwhi multiplexing wehenga roangaru (WDM Rx), te oscillator ā-rohe LO o te 2nd FCG mō te kimi i te hononga maha-ngaru. Ka wehea ngā hongere o ngā tohu WDM whakauru e tētahi demultiplexer, ā, ka whāngaihia ki te huinga kaiwhiwhi hononga (Coh. Rx). Ka whakamahia te auau demultiplexing o te oscillator ā-rohe LO hei tohutoro ā-wāhanga mō ia kaiwhiwhi hononga. Ko te mahi a aua hononga WDM e whakawhirinaki ana ki te nui o te whakaputa tohu heru kei raro, inā koa te whānui o te raina whatu me te mana whatu mō ia raina heru.

Heoi anō, kei te wāhanga whanaketanga tonu te hangarau heru auau whatu, ā, he iti noa iho ngā āhuatanga tono me te rahi o te mākete. Mena ka taea e ia te wikitoria i ngā arai hangarau, te whakaiti i ngā utu me te whakapai ake i te pono, kātahi ka taea te whakatutuki i ngā tono taumata-tauine i roto i te tuku whatu.