E mōhio ana tātou mai i te tekau tau atu i 1990, kua whakamahia te hangarau WDM wavelength division multiplexing mō ngā hononga muka whatu tawhiti e horapa ana i ngā rau, i ngā mano rānei kiromita. Mō te nuinga o ngā whenua me ngā rohe, ko te hanganga muka whatu te rawa tino utu nui, engari he iti te utu o ngā wāhanga transceiver.
Heoi, nā te tipu tere o ngā tere tuku raraunga whatunga pēnei i te 5G, kua piki haere te hiranga o te hangarau WDM i roto i ngā hononga tawhiti poto, ā, kua nui ake te rahinga whakatinanatanga o ngā hononga poto, ka nui ake te aro ki te utu me te rahi o ngā wāhanga taputapu whakawhiti.
I tēnei wā, kei te whakawhirinaki tonu ēnei whatunga ki ngā mano tini o ngā muka whatu aratau-kotahi mō te tuku raraunga whakarara mā roto i ngā hongere whakarea wehewehe ātea, ā, he iti noa te tere raraunga o ia hongere, he torutoru rau Gbit/s anake (800G). Tērā pea he iti noa ngā whakamahinga o te taumata-T.
Engari i roto i ngā rā kei te heke mai, ka tata te ariā o te whakarara ā-wāhi noa ki tōna rohe tauine, ā, me tāpiri atu ki te whakarara whāiti o ngā awa raraunga i roto i ia muka hei pupuri i ngā whakapainga ake i ngā tere raraunga. Tērā pea ka huaki ake he wāhi tono hou mō te hangarau whakarea wehenga roangaru, he mea nui te tauine mōrahi o te maha o ngā hongere me te tere raraunga.
I tēnei wā, ka taea e te kaiwhakaputa heru auau (FCG), hei pūtake mārama maha-roaroa kiato, pumau hoki, te whakarato i te maha o ngā kaikawe whatu kua tautuhia pai, nō reira he mahi nui tāna. Hei tāpiri, ko tētahi painga nui o te heru auau whatu ko te ōrite o te tawhiti o ngā rārangi heru i te auau, ka taea te whakangawari i ngā whakaritenga mō ngā roopu tiaki i waenga i ngā hongere me te karo i te whakahaere auau e hiahiatia ana mō ngā rārangi takitahi i roto i ngā kaupapa tuku iho e whakamahi ana i ngā rarangi taiaho DFB.
Me mōhio ko ēnei painga ehara i te mea mō te tuku o te whakarea wehenga roangaru anake, engari mō tōna kaiwhiwhi hoki, ka taea te whakakapi i te huinga oscillator ā-rohe motuhake (LO) e tētahi kaihanga heru kotahi. Mā te whakamahinga o ngā kaihanga heru LO ka taea te whakahaere ake i te tukatuka tohu mamati i roto i ngā hongere whakarea wehenga roangaru, ā, mā reira ka whakaitihia te uaua o te kaiwhiwhi me te whakapai ake i te manawanui haruru ā-wāhanga.
Hei tāpiritanga, mā te whakamahi i ngā tohu heru LO me te mahi raka-wāhanga mō te whiwhinga taurite whakarara ka taea te hanga anō i te āhua ngaru rohe-wā o te tohu whakarea wehenga roangaru katoa, ā, mā reira ka ea ai te kino i puta mai i te kore-raina whatu o te muka tuku. Haunga ngā painga ariā e ahu mai ana i te tuku tohu heru, ko te rahi iti me te whakaputa nui e whai hua ana ki te ōhanga he mea matua anō hoki mō ngā transceiver whakarea wehenga roangaru ā muri ake nei.
Nō reira, i roto i ngā ariā whakaputa tohu heru, he mea tino hira te hiranga o ngā taputapu taumata maramara. Ina honoa ki ngā ara iahiko whakauru photonic tino tauine mō te whakarerekētanga tohu raraunga, te whakarea, te ara, me te whiwhinga, ka noho pea ēnei taputapu hei mea matua mō ngā transceiver whakarea wehenga roangaru kiato me te whai hua ka taea te hanga i roto i ngā rahinga nui i te utu iti, me te kaha tuku o ngā tekau Tbit/s mō ia muka.
I te putanga o te pito tuku, ka honoa anō ia hongere mā te multiplexer (MUX), ā, ka tukuna te tohu multiplexing wehenga roangaru mā te muka aratau-kotahi. I te pito whiwhi, ka whakamahia e te kaiwhiwhi multiplexing wehenga roangaru (WDM Rx) te oscillator ā-rohe LO o te FCG tuarua hei kimi i ngā pokanoa maha-roangaru. Ka wehea te hongere o te tohu multiplexing wehenga roangaru tāuru e te demultiplexer, kātahi ka tukuna ki te huinga kaiwhiwhi taurite (Coh. Rx). I roto i ēnei, ko te auau demultiplexing o te oscillator ā-rohe LO ka whakamahia hei tohutoro ā-wāhanga mō ia kaiwhiwhi taurite. Ko te mahi a tēnei hononga multiplexing wehenga roangaru e whakawhirinaki ana ki te kaihanga tohu heru taketake, inā koa te whānui o te mārama me te mana whatu o ia raina heru.
Heoi anō, kei te wāhanga whanaketanga tonu te hangarau heru auau whatu, ā, he iti noa iho ngā āhuatanga tono me te rahi o te mākete. Mena ka taea e ia te wikitoria i ngā arai hangarau, te whakaiti i ngā utu, me te whakapai ake i te pono, ka taea e ia te whakatutuki i ngā tono taumata tauine i roto i te tuku whatu.
Wā tuku: Hakihea-19-2024