I runga i ngā tau o te wheako rangahau me te whakawhanake i ngā taputapu Ipurangi, i matapakihia e mātou ngā hangarau me ngā otinga mō te whakapūmau kounga whatunga whānui o roto o te kāinga. Tuatahi, ka tātarihia te āhuatanga o nāianei o te kounga whatunga whānui o roto o te kāinga, ā, ka whakarāpopotohia ngā āhuatanga maha pērā i ngā muka whatu, ngā kēti, ngā pouara, te Wi-Fi, me ngā mahi a ngā kaiwhakamahi e raru ai te kounga whatunga whānui o roto o te kāinga. Tuarua, ka whakaurua ngā hangarau kapinga whatunga o roto hou kua tohua e te Wi-Fi 6 me te FTTR (Muka ki te Rūma).
1. Te tātari i ngā raruraru kounga whatunga whānui o roto o te kāinga
I roto i te tukanga oFTTH(muka-ki-te-kāinga), nā te awe o te tawhiti tuku whatu, te wehenga whatu me te ngaronga o te taputapu hononga, me te piko o te muka whatu, tera pea he iti te mana whatu e whiwhihia ana e te kuwaha, ā, tera pea he teitei te tere hapa moka, ka hua ake he pikinga o te tere ngaronga mōkihi o te tuku ratonga paparanga-runga. , ka heke te tere.
Heoi, he iti te mahi a ngā taputapu o ngā kēti tawhito, ā, he maha ngā raruraru pēnei i te nui o te whakamahinga o te CPU me te mahara me te wera nui o ngā taputapu, ka puta he tīmatanga anō kāore i te tika, ka pakaru hoki ngā kēti. Kāore ngā kēti tawhito e tautoko i ngā tere whatunga gigabit, ā, he raruraru anō hoki kei ētahi kēti tawhito pēnei i te maramara tawhito, ka nui te āputa i waenga i te tere tuturu o te hononga whatunga me te uara ariā, ka whakawhāiti anō i te āheinga ki te whakapai ake i te wheako ipurangi a te kaiwhakamahi. I tēnei wā, ko ngā kēti kāinga atamai tawhito kua whakamahia mō te 3 tau, neke atu rānei, kei te noho tonu i tētahi wāhanga, me whakakapi.
Ko te roopu auau 2.4GHz ko te roopu auau ISM (Ahumahi-Pūtaiao-Hauora). Ka whakamahia hei roopu auau noa mō ngā teihana reo irirangi pēnei i te whatunga rohe ahokore, te pūnaha urunga ahokore, te pūnaha Nihokikorangi, te pūnaha whakawhitiwhiti kōrero horapa-ira-ki-ira, ira-ki-ira rānei, he iti noa ngā rauemi auau me te whānui-rahi iti. I tēnei wā, kei te noho tonu tētahi wāhanga o ngā kuwaha e tautoko ana i te roopu auau Wi-Fi 2.4GHz i roto i te whatunga o nāianei, ā, he nui ake te raru o te pokanoa auau-tahi/auau tata.
Nā ngā hapa pūmanawa me te koretake o te mahi taputapu o ētahi kuwaha, ka maha ngā wā ka motuhia ngā hononga PPPoE, ā, ka maha ngā wā ka tīmata anō ngā kuwaha, ka mutu te urunga Ipurangi mō ngā kaiwhakamahi. I muri i te motuhanga o te hononga PPPoE (hei tauira, ka motuhia te hononga tuku hononga-ake), he paerewa whakatinanatanga koretake ā ia kaihanga kuwaha mō te kimi tauranga WAN me te mahi anō i te waea PPPoE. Ka kitea e ētahi kuwaha a ētahi kaihanga kotahi i ia 20 hēkona, ā, ka waea anō i muri i te 30 kitenga kore angitu. Nō reira, e 10 meneti te roa mō te kuwaha ki te tīmata aunoa i te tukurua PPPoE i muri i te tuimotu kore, ka pā kino ki te wheako kaiwhakamahi.
He maha ake ngā kuaha kāinga o ngā kaiwhakamahi kua whirihorahia ki ngā pouara (e kiia nei i muri nei ko ngā "pouara"). I roto i ēnei pouara, he maha noa iho e tautoko ana i ngā tauranga WAN 100M, e tautoko ana rānei i te Wi-Fi 4 (802.11b/g/n) anake.
Kotahi tonu ngā tauranga WAN, ngā kawa Wi-Fi rānei o ētahi pouara a ngā kaihanga e tautoko ana i ngā tere whatunga Gigabit, ā, ka noho hei pouara "pseudo-Gigabit". Hei tāpiri, ka honoa te pouara ki te kuwaha mā te taura whatunga, ā, ko te taura whatunga e whakamahia ana e ngā kaiwhakamahi he taura kāwai 5, he kāwai super 5 rānei, he poto te ora, he ngoikore te kaha ārai-whakararuraru, ā, ko te nuinga o rātou e tautoko ana i te tere 100M anake. Kāore e taea e tētahi o ngā pouara me ngā taura whatunga kua whakahuatia ake nei te whakatutuki i ngā whakaritenga whanaketanga o ngā whatunga gigabit me super-gigabit o muri mai. Ka tīmata anō ētahi pouara i ngā wā katoa nā ngā raruraru kounga hua, ka pā kino ki te wheako kaiwhakamahi.
Ko te Wi-Fi te tikanga matua mō te hipoki ahokore o roto, engari he maha ngā kēti kāinga e whakanohoia ana ki roto i ngā pouaka au ngoikore i te tatau o te kaiwhakamahi. Nā te wāhi o te pouaka au ngoikore, te rauemi o te taupoki, me te momo whare uaua, kāore e ranea te tohu Wi-Fi ki te hipoki i ngā wāhi katoa o roto. Ko te tawhiti atu o te taputapu tauranga mai i te pūwāhi urunga Wi-Fi, ka nui ake ngā arai, ā, ka nui ake te ngaronga o te kaha o te tohu, ka arahi pea ki te hononga kore pumau me te ngaronga o ngā pākete raraunga.
Mēnā he maha ngā taputapu Wi-Fi e hono ana ki roto i te whare, ka puta pinepine ngā raruraru pokanoa o te auau kotahi me te hongere tata nā ngā tautuhinga hongere kāore i te tika, ā, ka whakaitihia te tere o te Wi-Fi.
Ina hono ētahi kaiwhakamahi i te pouara ki te kuwaha, nā te kore o te wheako ngaio, ka hono pea rātou i te pouara ki te tauranga whatunga kore-gigabit o te kuwaha, kāore rānei e hono pūmau i te taura whatunga, ka hua ake he wetekina o ngā tauranga whatunga. I ēnei wā, ahakoa kei te ohauru te kaiwhakamahi ki te ratonga gigabit, kei te whakamahi rānei i te pouara gigabit, kāore e taea e ia te whiwhi ratonga gigabit pumau, ā, ka puta mai hoki he wero ki ngā kaiwhakahaere ki te whakatau i ngā hapa.
He maha rawa ngā taputapu a ētahi kaiwhakamahi e hono ana ki te Wi-Fi i roto i ō rātou kāinga (neke atu i te 20) he maha rānei ngā taupānga e tango ana i ngā kōnae i te tere tere i te wā kotahi, ka hua ake hoki he pakanga nui ki ngā hongere Wi-Fi me ngā hononga Wi-Fi kāore i te pumau.
Ka whakamahi ētahi kaiwhakamahi i ngā pūwhakawhiti tawhito e tautoko ana i te aho auau kotahi-auau Wi-Fi 2.4GHz, i ngā kawa Wi-Fi tawhito rānei, nō reira kāore e taea e rātou te whiwhi wheako Ipurangi pumau, tere hoki.
2. Ngā hangarau hou hei whakapai ake i te whatunga o rotoQkounga
Ko ngā ratonga whānui-rahi, iti-roa pērā i te ataata whakamārama-teitei 4K/8K, AR/VR, te mātauranga ipurangi, me te tari kāinga kei te piki haere te rongonui hei matea pakari mō ngā kaiwhakamahi kāinga. Nā tēnei ka piki ake ngā whakaritenga mō te kounga o te whatunga whānui kāinga, inā koa te kounga o te whatunga whānui kāinga o roto. He uaua ki te whakatutuki i ngā whakaritenga o runga ake nei te whatunga whānui kāinga o nāianei e hangai ana ki te hangarau FTTH (Fiber To The House, fiber to the home). Heoi, ka taea e ngā hangarau Wi-Fi 6 me te FTTR te whakatutuki pai ake i ngā whakaritenga ratonga o runga ake nei, ā, me whakatinana wawe tonu ki te tauine nui.
Ipurangi Ahokore 6
I te tau 2019, i tapaina e te Wi-Fi Alliance te hangarau 802.11ax ko Wi-Fi 6, ā, ko ngā hangarau o mua ko 802.11ax me 802.11n ko Wi-Fi 5 me Wi-Fi 4.
Ipurangi Ahokore 6E whakaatu ana i te OFDMA (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access), MU-MIMO (Multi-User Multiple-Input Multiple-Output, multi-user multiple-input multiple-output technology), 1024QAM (Quadrature Amplitude Modulation, quadrature amplitude modulation) me ētahi atu hangarau hou, ka taea e te tere tango mōrahi ariā te eke ki te 9.6Gbit/s. Ki te whakatauritea ki ngā hangarau Wi-Fi 4 me Wi-Fi 5 e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i te umanga, he tere tuku teitei ake, he kaha ōrite nui ake, he iti ake te whakaroa ratonga, he whānui ake te kapinga me te iti ake te whakamahinga hiko o te pito.
FTTRThangarau
Ko te FTTR e pā ana ki te whakatinanatanga o ngā kuwaha whatu-katoa me ngā taputapu iti i roto i ngā kāinga i runga i te FTTH, me te whakatinanatanga o te kapinga whakawhitiwhiti muka whatu ki ngā rūma kaiwhakamahi māPONhangarau.
Ko te kuwaha matua FTTR te uho o te whatunga FTTR. Ka honoa ki runga ki te OLT hei whakarato muka-ki-te-kāinga, ā, ki raro hei whakarato tauranga whatu hei hono i ngā kuwaha pononga FTTR maha. Ka kōrero te kuwaha pononga FTTR ki ngā taputapu pūrua mā te Wi-Fi me ngā atanga Ethernet, ka whakarato i tētahi mahi hono hei tuku i ngā raraunga o ngā taputapu pūrua ki te kuwaha matua, ā, ka whakaae ki te whakahaere me te whakahaere i te kuwaha matua FTTR. Kei te pikitia te whatunga FTTR.
Ki te whakaritea ki ngā tikanga tuku iho pēnei i te whatunga taura whatunga, te whatunga raina hiko, me te whatunga ahokore, ko ngā painga o ngā whatunga FTTR e whai ake nei.
Tuatahi, he pai ake te mahi a ngā taputapu whatunga, ā, he nui ake te whānui o te hononga. Mā te hononga muka whatu i waenga i te kuwaha matua me te kuwaha pononga ka taea te whakawhānui ake i te whānui o te hononga gigabit ki ia rūma o te kaiwhakamahi, me te whakapai ake i te kounga o te whatunga kāinga o te kaiwhakamahi i ngā āhuatanga katoa. He nui ake ngā painga o te whatunga FTTR i roto i te whānui o te tuku me te pumau.
Ko te tuarua he pai ake te kapinga Wi-Fi me te kounga teitei ake. Ko te Wi-Fi 6 te whirihoranga paerewa o ngā keti FTTR, ā, ka taea e te keti matua me te keti pononga te whakarato hononga Wi-Fi, ka whakapai ake i te pumau o te whatunga Wi-Fi me te kaha o te kapinga tohu.
Ka pāngia te kounga o te whatunga kāinga e ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te tahora whatunga kāinga, ngā taputapu kaiwhakamahi, me ngā pūwhakamutunga kaiwhakamahi. Nō reira, he raruraru uaua te kimi me te kimi i te kounga rawakore o te whatunga kāinga i runga i te whatunga ora. Ka whakatakotohia e ia kamupene whakawhitiwhiti kōrero, e ia kaiwhakarato ratonga whatunga rānei āna ake otinga. Hei tauira, ko ngā otinga hangarau mō te aromatawai i te kounga o te whatunga kāinga me te kimi i te kounga rawakore; ka haere tonu te tūhura i te whakamahinga o te raraunga nui me te hangarau matauranga horihori i roto i te mara o te whakapai ake i te kounga o ngā whatunga whānui kāinga o roto; te whakatairanga i te whakamahinga o te hangarau FTTR me te Wi-Fi 6, te turanga kounga whatunga whānui me te maha atu.
Wā tuku: Mei-08-2023