Me pēhea te whakamātautau i te mahi me te pono o ngā taura PROFINET?

1. He aha te Hiranga o te Whakamātautau i ngā Taura PROFINET

He paerewa Ipurangi ā-ahumahi whānuitia a PROFINET e āhei ai te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero ā-wā tonu i waenga i ngā taputapu i roto i ngā taiao hangahanga. I te mea kei te piki haere te whakawhirinaki o ngā whakahaere ki tēnei hangarau hei whakarei ake i te hononga me te whakahaere i ngā tukanga, kāore e taea te whakanui rawa i te hiranga o te whakarite i te kounga me te mahi a ngā taura PROFINET. Ehara i te mea he mahi ārai noa iho te whakamātautau i ēnei taura—he taahiraa nui ki te tiaki i te hanganga whatunga katoa.

Mā te whakamātautau i ngā taura PROFINET ka kitea e whā ngā painga nui:

1. Te tuku raraunga ōritemā te aukati i te ngaronga o ngā mōkihi me ngā rahunga whakawhitiwhiti kōrero.

2. Te pono o te whatunga, e whakaiti ana i te wā kore mahi ohorere.

3. Te tutuki i ngā paerewa, e whakaū ana i te piripono ki ngā whakaritenga a IEC 61158 me PROFINET.

4. Ngā penapena utumā te kimi i ngā hapa i mua i te horapa hei rahunga pūnaha.

2. Ngā Tawhā Mahi Matua hei Whakamātautau

I te whakamātautau i ngā taura PROFINET, me aromatawai ēnei āhuatanga:

• Te pono o te tohu– ka whakarite kia ma, kia kore e hē te tuku raraunga.

• Te whakataurite i te aukati– Ko te tikanga, me whakamahi taura 100Ω Cat5e/Cat6 a PROFINET.

• Whakawhitiwhiti kōrero (NEXT me FEXT)– ka ārai i te pokanoa i waenga i ngā takirua taura.

• Whakaiti– e ine ana i te ngaronga tohu i te roa o te taura.

• Ngaronga whakahoki– ka arotake i ngā whakaata i puta mai i ngā whakamutu ngoikore.

• Te whai huatanga o te tiaki– he mea nui i roto i ngā taiao ahumahi haruru.

• Te kino o te tinana– ka taea e ngā motu, ngā piko, ngā whāiti rānei te whakaheke i te mahi.

Tauira taura:
Taura PROFINET momo B/C ahumahi Cat5e, he taura M12 waehere-D kua whakataurangahia IP67, he ara iahiko SF/UTP takirua-parenga 22AWG, he momo ahumahi o waho tino ngāwari, he whakatauranga PLTC, he koti TPE matomato.

3. Ngā Tikanga mō te Whakamātautau i ngā Taura PROFINET

1) Tirotiro Tirohanga

Ko te tirotiro ā-kanohi tino pai te taahiraa tuatahi ki te aromatawai i te pono o te taura. Tirohia ngā hononga katoa mō ngā tohu o te pakaru, te waikura, te piko rānei o ngā titi. Tirohia te roa o te taura mō te ahotea tinana, ngā piko kikī, te ārai rānei e kitea ana. I te nuinga o te wā, kia rite te iti rawa o te piko ki te waru ngā wā o te whānui o te taura hei ārai i te kino o te ara iahiko o roto.

2) Te Whakamātautau Tonu

Mā te whakamātautau haere tonu ka tika te hononga o ngā ara iahiko e waru mai i te pito ki te pito. Mā tēnei ka kitea ngā ara iahiko tuwhera, ngā poto poto, ngā waea whakawhiti rānei ka taea te whakararuraru i te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero. Ka taea e te whakamātautau taura māmā, te mita maha rānei te manatoko i te haere tonu taketake i te wā tāutanga, i ngā tirotiro tiaki rānei.

3) Whakamātautau Mahere Waea

Mā te whakamātautau mahere waea ka manatokohia ngā whakaritenga titi tika e ai ki ngā paerewa TIA-568A, TIA-568B rānei. Ka tautuhia ngā takirua wehewehe kāore pea e puta i roto i te whakamātautau haere tonu taketake engari ka tino pā kino ki te kounga tohu. Mā te manatoko i te tahora waea ka āwhina i te pupuri i te mahi ōrite me te tutuki i ngā paerewa.

4) Whakamātautau Pono Tohu

Mā te whakamātautau i te pono o te tohu ka aromatawaihia te kaha o te taura ki te tuku raraunga me te kore e heke te kounga mā te ine i te whakaiti, te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero, me te aukati. Ko ngā taputapu pēnei i te Fluke Networks DSX CableAnalyzer e whakamahia ana hei whakamana i ngā taura mō te tutuki i ngā paerewa mahi Ethernet me PROFINET.

5) Te Whakamana i te Parepare me te Whakatakotoranga Whenua

Mā tēnei whakamātautau ka whakaūtia kei te haere tonu te ārai puta noa i te taura me ngā hononga, ā, ka tautuhia ngā take whenua ka piki ake te ngawari ki te EMI. He mea nui te ārai me te whenua tika i roto i ngā taiao ahumahi haruru.

6) Whakamātautau Auau Hapa Moka (BERT)

Ka ine a BERT i ngā hapa tuku raraunga tuturu i raro i te kawenga. Mā te aromatawai i ngā reiti hapa moka i te wā e whakahaerehia ana, ka whakaratohia e tēnei whakamātautau he aromatawai pono o te mahi taura i te ao tūturu—he mea nui mō ngā whatunga e hiahia ana ki te pono teitei me te iti o te whakaroa.

7) Whakamātautau Taumahatanga Taiao

Mā te whakamātautau taiao ka whakaatuhia ngā taura ki ngā pāmahana tino kino, te wiri, te makuku, me ētahi atu āhuatanga uaua hei manatoko i te pakari i roto i ngā taiao ahumahi, i waho rānei. He maha ngā wā ka whakamahia e ngā taura PROFINET kua whakatauria ki waho ngā koti PUR, PE rānei hei ātete i te hihi UV me te pānga matū.

Tauira taura:
Taura PROFINET momo B/C ahumahi Cat5e, he tāne-ki-tāne M12 kua whakarōpūtia ki te D IP67, he ara iahiko SF/UTP rua-whakamarumaru 22AWG, he papa o waho tino ngāwari, he whakarōpūtia ki te PLTC, he koti TPE matomato.

4. Ngā Utauta Whakamātautau e Manakohia ana

Mā ngā taumata rerekē o ngā taputapu whakamātautau ka whakarite kia pono te taura PROFINET me te tutuki i ngā whakaritenga:

• Ngā kaiwhakamātautau taketake– Mō te tirotiro tere i te haere tonu me te mahere waea.

• Ngā kaiwhakamātautau tiwhikete matatau (hei tauira, Fluke, Softing)– Manatokohia te tutuki katoa o ngā paerewa PROFINET me Ethernet mā te ine i te whakaitiiti, te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero, te aukati, me ētahi atu.

• Ngā kaitātari whatunga– Tātarihia te mahi whatunga i te wā tūturu, aroturukihia te kounga o ngā whakawhitiwhiti kōrero, me te kimi i ngā take whakahaere.

5. Ngā Tohutohu mō te Whakamātautau Pono

• Whakamātauria i mua i te tāutanga kia kore ai e nui te utu mō te kore mahi me te mahi anō.

• Tāpirihia he tapanga ki ngā taura katoa kua whakamatautauria me ngā pūrongo tiwhikete toa kia taea ai te whai i a rātou i te wā o ngā arotake, i ngā mahi tiaki rānei.

• Whakamahia ngā hononga whakamarumaru ki ngā wāhi EMI-tiketike teitei hei pupuri i te pono o te tohu.

• Whakakapia tetahi taura kua nui ake te ngaronga tohu i ngā rohe paerewa (hei tauira, >3 dB) kia mau tonu ai te pono o te whatunga mō te wā roa.

6. Ngā Hapa Whakamātautau Noa hei Ārai

Ko ngā hapa noa e whakararu ana i te tika o ngā whakamātautau ko:

• Te peke i te manatoko parepare i roto i ngā taiao EMI-tiketike.

• Te whakawhirinaki ki ngā kaiwhakamātautau kounga-a-kaihoko, kaua ki ngā taputapu kua tiwhiketehia e PROFINET.

• Te kore e aro ki ngā aratohu tāutanga a te kaihanga.

• Te korenga e whakamātautau i ngā taura i raro i te kawenga tuturu, ka ārai i te kitenga o ngā take mahi e puta ana i te wā e whakamahia ana anake.

7. Ngā Taunakitanga mō te Pono mō te Wā Roa

• Whakamahia ngā taura Cat6, ngā taura PROFINET teitei ake rānei, mō ngā tāutanga hou katoa.

• Whakatūria he mahere tiaki ārai me te whakamātautau taura i ia wā hei kite i te pirau wawe.

• Kōwhiria ngā taura LSZH, PUR rānei kua hipokina ki te taupoki mō ngā taiao uaua, taumaha rānei.

• Penapenahia, ā, puritia ngā taura kia tika, me te karo i te piko nui, i te ahotea ā-ringa rānei, hei ārai i ngā kapiti moroiti e whakaiti ana i te mahi hiko i roto i te wā.

8. Ngā Pātai Auau mō te Whakamātautau Taura PROFINET

P1: Kia pēhea te auau o te whakamātautau i ngā taura PROFINET?
A: Whakamātauria i te wā tāutanga, me ia 12–18 marama hei wāhanga o te tiaki ārai.

P2: Ka taea te whakamahi i ngā whakamātautau Ethernet paerewa mō ngā taura PROFINET?
A: Ka taea e rātou te whakahaere i ngā whakamātautau taketake, engari e taunakihia ana ngā kaiwhakamātautau kua whai tiwhikete PROFINET kia tino pono ai.

P3: He aha te roa mōrahi o te taura e tautokona ana mō PROFINET?
A: 100 mita ia wāhanga mō ngā taura parahi; ka taea e te muka-whatu PROFINET te toro atu ki tawhiti.

P4: Me pēhea taku whakamana kei te whai hua te parepare?
A: Mā te whakahaere i ngā whakamātautau haere tonu me te whakapūmau i te whenua.

Q5: He rerekē te whakamātautau i ngā taura PROFINET o waho?
Āe. Haunga ngā whakamātautau hiko, ka arotakehia hoki te ātete ki te UV, te manawanui ki te pāmahana, me te tiaki i te makuku.