Ko te tawhiti tuku o ngā waeine whatu he mea here e te huinga o ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana me te hangarau, e whakatau tahi ana i te tawhiti mōrahi ka taea te tuku tika i ngā tohu whatu mā te muka whatu. E whakamārama ana tēnei tuhinga i ētahi o ngā āhuatanga here e tino kitea ana.
Tuatahi, ko temomo me te kounga o te pūtake mārama whatuhe tūranga matua tā te taupānga. Ko ngā tono poto te roa ka whakamahi i te utu iti akeNgā rama LED, ngā rama VCSEL rānei, ko ngā tuku reo waenga me te reo roa e whakawhirinaki ana ki te mahi teitei akeNgā taiaho DFB, EML rāneiKa pā tika te mana whakaputa, te whānui o te hihi, me te pumau o te roangaru ki te kaha tuku.
Tuarua,te whakaiti mukako tētahi o ngā āhuatanga matua e whakawhāiti ana i te tawhiti tuku. I te horapa o ngā tohu whatu mā roto i te muka, ka ngoikore haere nā te mimiti rauemi, te marara o Rayleigh, me ngā ngaronga piko. Mō te muka aratau-kotahi, ko te whakaiti noa he tata ki te0.5 dB/km i te 1310 nmā, ka taea te iti iho i te0.2–0.3 dB/km i te 1550 nm. He rerekē, he nui ake te ngoikore o te muka aratau maha3–4 dB/km i te 850 nm, koia te take e herea ai ngā pūnaha aratau maha ki ngā whakawhitiwhitinga poto mai i ngā rau mita ki te 2 km pea.
Hei tāpiritanga,ngā pānga mararaka whakawhāiti nui i te tawhiti tuku o ngā tohu whatu tere-teitei. Mā te mararatanga—tae atu ki te mararatanga rauemi me te mararatanga arataki-ngaru—ka whānui ake ngā pāoro whatu i te wā tuku, ka arahi ki te pokanoa i waenga i ngā tohu. Ka tino kaha tēnei pānga i ngā tere raraunga o10 Gbps me runga akeHei whakaiti i te marara, ka whakamahia pinepinetia e ngā pūnaha tawhiti-roamuka whakamāmā-marara (DCF)whakamahi rāneingā taiaho whānui-rārangi whaiti kua honoa ki ngā whakatakotoranga whakarerekētanga matatau.
I taua wā anō, ko tete roangaru whakahaerehe hononga tata o te kōwae whatu ki te tawhiti tuku. Ko te850 nm te roopue whakamahia ana mō te tuku poto-tae atu i runga i te muka maha-aratau. Ko te1310 nm roopu, e rite ana ki te matapihi kore-marara o te muka aratau-kotahi, he pai mō ngā tono tawhiti-waenga o10–40 kiromitaTe1550 nm te roopue tuku ana i te whakaitiiti iti rawa, ā, e hototahi ana kingā whakakaha muka kua tāpirihia ki te erbium (EDFA), e whakamahia whānuitia ana mō ngā āhuatanga tuku tere roa me te tere tino roa i tua atu40 kiromita, pērā i80 kiromita, tae atu rānei ki te 120 kiromitangā hononga
Ko te tere tuku raraunga tonu he here whakahurihuri ki te tawhiti. Ko te tere raraunga teitei ake e hiahia ana kia kaha ake te ōwehenga tohu-ki-haruru i te kaiwhiwhi, ka hua ake he iti ake te aro o te kaiwhiwhi me te poto ake te toronga mōrahi. Hei tauira, he kōwae whatu e tautoko ana i te40 kiromita i te 1 Gbpstērā pea ka herea kiiti iho i te 10 km i te 100 Gbps.
Hei tāpiri atu,ngā āhuatanga taiao—pērā i te piki me te heke o te pāmahana, te piko nui o te muka, te poke o te hononga, me te tawhito o ngā wāhanga—ka puta ake pea he mate tāpiri, he whakaata rānei, ka whakaiti ake i te tawhiti tuku whai hua. He mea nui hoki kia mōhio ko te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero muka-whatu ehara i te mea "ko te poto ake, ko te pai ake." He maha ngā wā ka puta hete whakaritenga tawhiti tuku iti rawa(hei tauira, ko ngā kōwae aratau-kotahi e hiahiatia ana he ≥2 mita) hei ārai i te whakaata whatu nui rawa, ka taea ai te whakararuraru i te pūtake taiaho.
Wā tuku: Hanuere-29-2026